Refraction Refraction is the phenomenon of light bending or changing direction as it passes from one medium to another with a different optical density. In laser engraving, refraction occurs when the laser beam travels through transparent or translucent materials, such as glass or acrylic, causing the beam to deviate from its original path. Refraction affects engraving accuracy and quality, particularly when engraving materials with curved or irregular surfaces, as it can distort the intended engraving pattern or focal point. Understanding the principles of refraction helps operators anticipate and compensate for beam deflection effects, ensuring precise and consistent engraving results across a variety of materials and surface geometries. |